2 Samuel 12:18

Authorized King James Version

And it came to pass on the seventh day, that the child died. And the servants of David feared to tell him that the child was dead: for they said, Behold, while the child was yet alive, we spake unto him, and he would not hearken unto our voice: how will he then vex himself, if we tell him that the child is dead?

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיְהִ֛י
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#2
בַּיּ֥וֹם
day
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
#3
הַשְּׁבִיעִ֖י
And it came to pass on the seventh
seventh
#4
מֵ֥ת
died
to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill
#5
הַיֶּ֖לֶד
Behold while the child
something born, i.e., a lad or offspring
#6
וַיִּֽרְאוּ֩
feared
to fear; morally to revere; causatively to frighten
#7
עַבְדֵ֨י
And the servants
a servant
#8
דָוִ֜ד
of David
david, the youngest son of jesse
#9
לְהַגִּ֥יד
to tell
properly, to front, i.e., stand boldly out opposite; by implication (causatively), to manifest; figuratively, to announce (always by word of mouth to
#10
ל֣וֹ׀
H0
#11
כִּי
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#12
מֵ֥ת
died
to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill
#13
הַיֶּ֖לֶד
Behold while the child
something born, i.e., a lad or offspring
#14
כִּ֤י
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#15
נֹאמַ֥ר
for they said
to say (used with great latitude)
#16
הִנֵּה֩
lo!
#17
בִֽהְי֨וֹת
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#18
הַיֶּ֖לֶד
Behold while the child
something born, i.e., a lad or offspring
#19
חַ֗י
was yet alive
alive; hence, raw (flesh); fresh (plant, water, year), strong; also (as noun, especially in the feminine singular and masculine plural) life (or livin
#20
דִּבַּ֤רְנוּ
we spake
perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
#21
אֵלָיו֙
near, with or among; often in general, to
#22
וְלֹֽא
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#23
שָׁמַ֣ע
unto him and he would not hearken
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
#24
בְּקוֹלֵ֔נוּ
unto our voice
a voice or sound
#25
וְאֵ֨יךְ
how? or how!; also where
#26
נֹאמַ֥ר
for they said
to say (used with great latitude)
#27
אֵלָ֛יו
near, with or among; often in general, to
#28
מֵ֥ת
died
to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill
#29
הַיֶּ֖לֶד
Behold while the child
something born, i.e., a lad or offspring
#30
וְעָשָׂ֥ה
himself
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
#31
רָעָֽה׃
vex
bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to 2 Samuel. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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